The Evolution of Command and Control (C2) in Multi-Domain Operations

Abstract

Over the past two decades, several states in competition with the United States have capitalized on advances in technology and are now capable of challenging U.S. operational dominance in all domains. To counter this threat, the United States and its allies have adopted a doctrine of “multi-domain operations”. The complexity of this new strategy requires advances in communications technology, evolution and adaptation of artificial intelligence, and an overhaul of current command structures and processes. The objective of this research note is to measure the effects of multi-domain operations on command and control (C2), through a comparison of current C2 capabilities and future C2 tasks. This analysis will allow us to propose several recommendations, such as the implementation of a joint information sharing system, the adaptation of artificial intelligence software, and the necessary implementation of structural reforms.

About the Author

John Gerlach is an associate researcher in international security and defense at the University of Lyon III, Jean Moulin School of Law, Lyon France. He graduated Syracuse University (2006), with a Bachelor of Science in Aerospace Engineering and a Master of Social Sciences (2014). After graduating university, he was commissioned in the United States Air Force and received his pilot wings in 2008. He has completed multiple deployments in support contingency operations overseas piloting the C-17 Globemaster III aircraft. Prior to moving to France as part of the Olmsted Scholar program, he was an instructor at the United States Air Force Weapons School. Recently, John received his Master Degree in International Security and Defense (2019) from the University of Lyon III, Jean Moulin School of Law.